Metrics details. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders WMSD is the most expensive form of work disability. Female sex has been considered as an individual risk factor for the development of WMSD, specifically in the neck and shoulder region. One of the factors that might contribute to the higher injury rate in women is possible differences in neuromuscular control. Accordingly the purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of sex on shoulder joint position sense acuity as a part of shoulder neuromuscular control in healthy individuals. Twenty-eight healthy participants, 14 females and 14 males were recruited for this study. To test position sense acuity, subjects were asked to flex their dominant shoulder to one of the three pre-defined angle ranges low, mid and high-ranges with eyes closed, hold their arm in that position for three seconds, go back to the starting position and then immediately replicate the same joint flexion angle, while the difference between the reproduced and original angle was taken as the measure of position sense error. The errors were measured using Vicon motion capture system. Differences observed in the constant JPS error suggest that men and women might use different neuromuscular control strategies in the upper limb. In addition, higher JPS variability observed in men might be one of the factors that could contribute to their lower rate of musculoskeletal disorders, compared to women.
MeSH terms
Background
S ex determination is a key factor in the identification of individuals in both archaeological and forensic cases. Documentation of the use of the shoulder girdle to estimate sex is limited with the first study using all components of the shoulder girdle occurring in by Robert van Dongen. The pelvis and skull are the predominant osteological elements used in sexing a decedent. But, it is not always the case that these bones are found, thus other osteological elements must be used to determine sex. The bones that comprise the shoulder girdle—the scapula, clavicle, and humerus—can be examined in order to determine the sex of a decedent when neither the skull nor the innominate are present. Biological sex is important in the determination of other physical attributes of the deceased, such as race, stature, and age.
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I saw a patient recently that I have been treating for a few years. His injury was so bad that it required a shoulder replacement as the ball portion of the joint could not be salvaged — it was totally shattered. He had some permanent damage to the bone and muscles around the shoulder which was not totally fixable. Unfortunately he still has limitations: mostly weakness and pain with lifting beyond 10 or 20 lbs. He also has difficulty supporting his weight on the involved arm.
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders WMSD is the most expensive form of work disability. Female sex has been considered as an individual risk factor for the development of WMSD, specifically in the neck and shoulder region. One of the factors that might contribute to the higher injury rate in women is possible differences in neuromuscular control. Accordingly the purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of sex on shoulder joint position sense acuity as a part of shoulder neuromuscular control in healthy individuals.
